After drinking 350 ml coffee with sugar, the heart rate of participant would go up. We will compare this to participants drinking coffee with no sugar.

We know after consuming coffee the heart rate increases due to the amount of caffeine and sugar in the beverage. Caffeine can cause blood pressure to go up and it can also cause other health problems. Caffeine and sugar can affect children and younger adults because their body and brains are still developing and can cause sleep issues and other health related symptoms. People especially those who are physically fit, coffee and sugar do not affect them as much, they can cause sleep disturbances but can recover over time.

Manipulated variable: plain coffee and coffee without sugar, age of participants and gender Dependent variables: measure heart rate before and after using a finger post monitor Controlled variables: drank 350 ml coffee and 350 ml of coffee and sugar, both did 1 min 30 sec of jumping jacks

1. First measure participants heart rate with finger post monitor to get baseline 2. Participants drink beverage 3. Participants do exercises for 1 min and 30 sec 4. Check heart rate again after exercise 5. Different day repeat procedure with coffee and sugar

Observations

-during the experiments we noticed that after drinking the coffees, they affected the 22 year old more than the 44 year old. The 22 yr old's heart rate was higher after drinking both liquids. -this may be because the 44 yr old may have a higher tolerance because they're more used to drinking caffeine -we did 3 trials and observed this each time.

Analysis- we think the higher heart rate in the 22 yr old is because the 44 year old is more used to drinking caffeine.

-caffeine levels affect your heart rate- the beverage (espresso) with no sugar but higher caffeine levels had a stronger affect on the heart rate of the participants.

Our hypothesis was that the beverage with higher sugar would have a larger impact on the heart rate, but the beverage with higher caffeine resulted in a higher heart rate, so our hypothesis was incorrect. From our research, we found that sugar has higher impacts over time, whereas caffeine has larger impacts in the moment.

This research will help because caffeine and sugar can cause high blood pressure, rapid increase in heart rate, dehydration and cause feelings of nervousness or excessive sweating, other heart related symptoms over time. This experiment can help people informed decisions about consumption of caffeine. This could also help companies design and market these products to make them safe.

One possible source of error may be that the finger post monitor may not have been placed correctly and could take incorrect readings. Other errors could include that the participants might not have been equally rested. They may have done jumping jacks with more or less effort each time. They may have consumed caffeine or sugar before experiment.

Healthline- The effects of Caffeine On your body https://www.healthline.com

National Institutes of Health (NIH) (gov) Pharmacology of Caffeine https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

We would like to thank the participants and our parents for support while doing this project. We hope this information can be used to help people make informed decisions.