If we pour water at          80.1c into all the cups, then the yeti will keep it the warmest the longest

 

 

 What materials are used in the Yeti, Starbucks ceramic, Starbucks Stainless Steel and Waldeal tumblers?

 

The material used  make a Yeti water bottle is 304 (18/8) stainless steel and has double wall vacuum insulation.  The material used to make a Starbucks Ceramic cup is recycled ceramic. The material used to make a Starbucks stainless steel water bottle is double wall vacuum stainless steel. The material used to make a waldeal water bottle is 304 (18/8) stainless steel and made with double wall insulation.

      

What is insulation? What types of materials are commonly used for insulation in mugs?

 

Insulation is a material that helps to keep heat in or out of an object for a period of time. Heat naturally moves from a warmer area to a cooler one. Insulation slows this process by keeping things hot or cold for longer periods. In mugs, insulation maintains the temperature of the drink inside. If the drink is hot, it will keep the heat from escaping. If the drink is cold, it prevents the heat from getting in.The most common materials used for insulation in mugs are foam, double-walled design, ceramic and stainless steel. In the double-walled design, the mugs have two layers with air in between, which helps prevent heat from escaping or entering. In insulated stainless steel mugs, there are often a vacuum-sealed space between two metal walls to keep the heat in. 

      

 

 

       

      

 

Why do some materials like stainless steel conduct heat better than others?x

 

Stainless steel conducts heat better than some other materials because of the way their particles are arranged and how they move. Materials are made up of tiny particles called atoms and these atoms are packed tightly together in good conductors. When we apply heat to one part of a material, the atoms start vibrating faster. Because the atoms are close together, the heat can easily pass from one atom to the next. In materials that don’t conduct heat well, like rubber, the atoms are more spread out, so it's harder for the heat to move through.

       

      

 

How is ceramic made and how can it keep heat?

 

Ceramics are generally made by taking mixtures of clay, earthen elements, powders, and water and shaping them into desired forms. Once the ceramic has been shaped, it is fired in a high temperature oven known as a kiln. Often, ceramics are covered in decorative, waterproof, paint-like substances known as glazes Due to the lower density of ceramics, thanks to small pores in the material, heat can be stored within the mug itself, rather than being released into the area surrounding the mug, i.e. the palm of your hands.

 

       

 What is disposable cup and what materials is it 

made of?

 

A disposable cup is a small round cup that’s designed to be thrown away after use. Some disposable cups are made with paper with a coat of thin layer of wax or plastic to prevent leaks. The Starbucks disposable cups are made of polystyrene, which is a form of plastic. Although these disposable cups are resistant to moisture and durable, it can take hundreds of years to decompose in the environment. 

 

 

 How do disposable cups retain heat compared to insulated mugs?

 

Plastic, paper, and foam are all materials that possess a low thermal effusivity and a low thermal conductivity, which makes them ideal for holding hot beverages because they still feel not too hot to the touch even when filled with scalding hot liquid.

 

What are the environmental impacts of disposable cups? How long does it take for disposable cups to break down in landfills? 

 

Disposable cups, especially the ones made out of foam and plastic, contribute significantly to landfill waste. The disposable cups have slow decomposition. The paper cups are biodegradable but usually have a layer of plastic or wax on them to prevent leaks. This coat makes it so much harder to break down. It can take decades for paper cups to fully decompose. The plastic cups that are made of polystyrene can take hundreds of years to fully decompose. The foam cups are the worse for the environment. It can take them up to 500 years to decompose because they are not biodegradable and don’t break down easily in the environment. If these disposable cups end up in oceans, they can break apart into smaller pieces, contributing to water pollution and endangering wildlife. 

What is the environmental impact of producing insulated mugs? How do they contribute to reducing waste

 

Producing insulated mugs requires energy and raw materials like stainless steel or plastic, which can have an environmental impact during manufacturing, including carbon emissions and resource extraction. However, because these mugs are designed to be reused for many years, it reduces the need for constant production of disposable cups. This helps cut down on waste because fewer cups are thrown away. Overall, insulated mugs contribute to waste reduction and sustainability by promoting reusability over disposability.

 

Dependent

• Final Temperature
• The amount of minutes it takes the water to lose heat

Independent 

 -Waldeal

-Yeti

-Starbucks metal

-Starbucks ceramic

-Starbucks paper cup

Controlled

-Starting temperature

-Amount of water

-Type of liquid 

 

1. We boiled the water in the ketel at 80.1 degrees celsius.

 

2. We poured the water into the cups.

 

3.we set a timer for ten minutes.

 

4. After the ten minutes where over we took the temperature.

 

5. We took the temperature every 10 minutes for the next 1 hour and 50 minutes 

 

6. At the end of the time we saw which cup kept the water warmest.

 

When we were completing our experiment we noticed that the ceramic mug was super cold to touch before we put the hot water in it. The temperature dropped fast with this but then the temperature levelled out after the ceramic cup was warmed up. The plastic cup was super hot to touch when we poured the liquid in and the temperature dropped the most in all of our trials. For the yeti the cup temperature for feeling on the outside stayed the same. The fake yeti the outside of the cup stayed the same temperature feeling it when the hot liquid was pured in. For the starbucks stainless steel the outside felt the same when we poured the water but it won 3 of our trials and we think it is because of the lid because the lid was a more solid plastic than the other lids and it clipped shut so no air could escape or liquid. Both the yeti type cups you slid it open and closed and we noticed water could leak out which which means hot air could leak out. 

Our results did not support our initial hypothesis, which predicted that the Yeti cup would keep the water the warmest. Instead, we were surprised to discover that the Starbucks metal cup performed the best in maintaining the highest temperature throughout our trials. Additionally, we observed that the disposable cup lost heat the quickest, and beyond its poor thermal performance, we also learned about its environmental negative impact. This experiment not only challenged our expectations about cup insulation but also highlighted the importance of considering sustainability when choosing everyday products.

 

In the future, we are going to buy reusable cups instead of disposable cups because in our experiment the disposable cup was the coldest at the end and all the reusable cups were warmer than the disposable cup. The reason we did this project was because our parents always have tea or coffee and the drinks always are cold really fast. We are trying to find the right cup for them. After we saw the results, we decided that the starbucks metal cup was the best at keeping the water warmest. We found that using disposable cups can hurt the environment and it takes decades to decompose. When you throw away disposable cups, it ends up in the landfill and again it takes decades to decompose.

 

When we opened the lid to take the temperature the heat might of escaped from the cup.

 

When the timer for ten minutes ended we started to take the temperature and it took a couple of seconds to have the final temperature of the water and the water in the other cups might have cooled off while we took the temperature of the first cup.

 

1. https://www.yeti.com/drinkware/tumblers/21071503967.html
2. https://www.starbucks.com/menu/product/2123809/single
3. https://www.amazon.ca/dp/B0B7443RNJ?psc=1&ref_=cm_sw_r_cp_ud_ct_V5M9CNJWP4SKQ7QCHGAD
4. https://www.starbucks.com/menu/merchandise/tumblers
5. https://archive.starbucks.com/record/our-cups
6. https://reduceeveryday.com/blogs/news/which-cup-material-is-the-best-insulator?srsltid=AfmBOopX4VlA__0zWxIudtv6-OabYbGlDtbtzmOIc5IDLcXCavH3NhB-
7. https://reduceeveryday.com/blogs/news/which-cup-material-is-the-best-insulator?srsltid=AfmBOopX4VlA__0zWxIudtv6-OabYbGlDtbtzmOIc5IDLcXCavH3NhB-
8. https://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/119978/why-are-ceramic-containers-used-for-hot-beverages
9. https://www.designlife-cycle.com/starbucks-paper-cups#:~:text=Starbucks%20paper%20cups%20have%20two,in%20a%20polyethylene%20paper%20cup.
10. https://www.hardrok.com.au/thermal-activity-in-stainless-steel-compared-to-other-metals

 

we would like to thank our parents for letting us borrow our matirials and bring us to starbucks for the interview and we would also like to thank our teacher mme boussaha for helping us think of little details to make our project amazing also mme van den eyndenfor also making our projest amazing